Route maps are “ Match and Set statement ” i.e. Match a criteria and set the parameter or condition. Example

A stub area is an area which does not receive route advertisements external to the Autonomous system (AS) and routing from withing the area is based entirely on a defau…

In OSPF, no area can communicate with each other until and unless area 0 is in between them and area 0 can communicate with all the areas. While designing network s…

Route Summarization or Route aggregation is a method of reducing the size of routing table in and IP (Internet Protocol) network, in this method, multiple selected rout…

On a simpler level you can say wildcard mask is inverted subnet mask A Wildcard mask is a mask of bits explaining which part of an IP address should be examined and…

It is the protocol used by OSPF for several reasons  This protocol discovers neighbors by sending Hello packets on OSPF speaking interfaces of a Router Contents of …

There are seven states of OSPF 1.     Down 2.     Init  (One way state) 3.     Two way state 4.     Exstart 5.     Exchange 6.     Loading 7.     Full����…

Every OSPF speaking router floods LSA (Link state advertisement) to advertise the state of it's link, if link is down LSA is generated, when links comes up LSA will…

Internal router - Router with all interfaces in the same area. Backbone Router/ Backbone internal router - Router who’s all interfaces are in the same area and that…

Elections occurs in a multi-access network for becoming DR  (Designated Router) BDR  (Backup Designated Router) Router A won the election as DR and B router gets p…

There are three methods of choosing Router ID (Same concept in all protocols) Hard coded  Router ID (Enforce router to adopt hard coated router ID). Highest IP   a…

OSPF is a Link State Routing protocol, ISIS (Intermediate system to intermediate system) is another example of Link State Routing Protocol. Area is a collection of ro…